In his 1543 book ‘On the Revolutions of the Celestial Spheres', Polish astronomer Nicolaus Copernicus caused another revolution, by stating that science, not religion, best explains how the universe works.
Regarded as one of the central figures of the so-called Scientific Revolution, Copernicus postulated a heliostatic theory in his De Revolutionibus Orbium Coelestium He did, however, maintain that planetary orbits were circular
Watch a short biography video of Nicolaus Copernicus, the astronomer who identified the heliocentric solar system, in which the sun is the center of the sola.