Could a B-12 Deficiency Be Causing Your Symptoms? ENERGY: Even minor deficiencies of vitamin B-12 can cause anemia, fatigue, shortness of breath and weakness. The NERVOUS SYSTEM: Deficiencies of B-12 can cause neurological changes including numbness and tingling in the hands and feet, balance problems, depression, confusion, poor memory and Alzheimer's-like symptoms. Long-term deficiencies of B-12 can result in permanent impairment of the nervous system.